Blood

*Jermaine was admitted again last night. His story reads like a fictitious case history for a Medical Ethics tutorial. He is *16, with sickle cell anaemia and recurrent priapism. Besides being an excrutiatingly painful condition, it carries the not insignificant long-term consequence (because of damage to the penile vasculature) of impotence. In patients with sickle cell disease, priapism is treated with an exchange blood transfusion. The logic is that by removing sickled cells and replacing them with normal (donor) ones, the vessels will unblock, and the symptoms resolve. However, Jermaine's parents are Jehovah's Witnesses and priapism is not life-threatening, so the usual caveats surrounding children of such parents and blood transfusion do not apply. On this occasion, the issue appears to have resolved itself.

If you are fluent in both Thai and English and live in East London, it seems you could make a small fortune. Our hospital switchboard lists on-call interpreters for Bengali, Hindi, Urdu, Cantonese, Vietnamese, Turkish and Sylheti (in reality, these are 4 women who speak 2-3 languages each), but none of them speaks Thai. A couple of weeks ago a 2-year old was admitted with extensive bruising and a rash over his arms and legs. His platelet count was about 20 (less than 1/6 normal) so the most likely diagnosis was idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), which in very young children usually resolves on its own with time. However the blood film showed a few abnormal white cells, so leukaemia could not be ruled out, and we needed to take a bone marrow aspirate. Now try explaining that to parents who speak about 10 words of English between them. We had no choice but to hire a professional Thai interpreter - at a cost of 200 pounds an hour!